Column, spine, natural, injuries, and treatment - spine injuries and physiotherapy

Column, spine, natural, injuries, and treatment - spine injuries and physiotherapy
 

Spine injuries and physiotherapy


Spine injuries and physiotherapy


General Information

Spinal column consists of 33 vertebrae bone an annular monolith on top of each other extending from the neck to the coccyx. His job is to keep the balance of the body in an upright position and connecting the arms and legs. Known as the seven paragraphs of the upper paragraphs cervical, followed by the thoracic spine is 12 paragraphs, followed by the lumbar spine is composed of 5 vertebrae, followed by the deficit, which consists of 5 vertebrae fused be something like greatness one followed by the coccyx or greatness tail, which consists of 4 bones fused together.


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Mediated spine channel extends the spinal cord that connects the brain and transmits nerve signals from the brain to other parts of the body and vice versa. Thus, the brain plays the role of the transfer of nerve signals in different directions through the spinal cord, which plays the role of the carrier for those messages to all members of the muscles of the body that issued responses, and so when injured spinal cord are lacking the ability to send nerve signals to the member affected can not move messages ( nerve signals) through the brain to the affected areas.





Causes of spinal cord injury:
Spinal cord may get cut or stabbed as a result of exposure to or bullets or paragraphs or fractions of bacterial diseases or viral Tadoba or go.
Spinal cord may be affected due to lack of blood flow or oxygen to the brain as it can not live for more than three minutes without blood or oxygen.
Any pressure on the spinal cord may damage it may be that the region from external or internal, for example, when you break one of the paragraphs, it is pressing on the spinal cord, causing:
Swelling of the spinal cord or the channel surrounding it.
Spinal cord bleeding or the channel surrounding it.
Inflammation or abscess pressing on the spinal cord or spinal cord consists of the same.



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Full infection of the spinal cord:

1 - quadriplegia:

Happens when you get one of the seven cervical vertebrae, usually the patient loses sensation and muscle strength and notes on the patient that:
May suffer from breathing problems and may need a respirator or breathing normally but suffer from difficulty when you cough.
Can not control intestinal therefore placed him a special program of the stomach.
Can not control waste and therefore always uses the catheter.
Can not walk.
Move his hands or shoulders depending on the severity of injury or lesion, but can not use his hands full.
Weak sexual ability.
2 - Paraplegia Terminal

Produces the injury, which lies between the chest and the first deficit and the patient loses the ability to sense movement in the area of ??injury and below.

Notes on the patient that:
Control can not remove the waste and therefore must use a catheter to the patient.
Can not control intestinal canal must therefore be placed on the feeding program through the stomach.
Limited sexual ability.
Can not use the legs fully.
3 - partial injury of the spinal cord:

In the above-mentioned lesions or injuries that affect the spinal cord injury, there may be incomplete (partial) means that a certain part of the spinal cord injured and not all. As a result, there may be a small amount of non-sense or weakness of the movement under the subject of HIV infection may be in one side of the body or both sides. Vary any infection for other injuries, therefore it is difficult to determine the level of mobility that will be in the patient at the outset, and play time and hard work played an important role in determining the amount of recovery from injury.

What is rehabilitation?

Is the stage where the patient learns how to get the maximum benefit from the capabilities that are still owned by, For the patient to learn how to depend on the same degree as, according to the attributes of capabilities. Here comes the role of the rehabilitation of SCI patients, as it aims to train each patient to take maximum advantage of the capabilities that were not affected by injury and that does not succeed without the cooperation and willingness of the patient.

Physiotherapy

The purpose of physiotherapy is to prevent stiffness of joints, muscle weakness and to maintain a good balance between the muscles that operate between the muscles that do not work, which the patient can achieve the greatest degree of independence in activities of daily life by the size of the injury suffered.

Initial treatment:
Are examined muscles and joints and the ability to sense and all the skin to determine the effect of infection and the ability to move and work of the members in general.
When the infection include the region among the first paragraph of the neck and the chest the second session, this affects the respiratory muscles, and in some cases, patients need to assist in the process of respiration and air to breathe and get rid of secretions by coughing.
Exercise benefit for the prevention of pain and stiffness in muscles and joints and stimulate blood circulation.
Do exercises that make all the proper muscles as strong as possible, since the beginning of infection and continuity necessary for the prevention of muscular weakness.
The situation is good for the body is an important requirement to prevent the ulcer bed and the occurrence of convulsions, muscle contractions or injury Palace length.
The rehabilitation phase:

Begin the rehabilitation phase once to allow the patient to leave the bed. The goal during this phase is to achieve maximum independence, and this depends on the level of infection and complications that could produce as well as the spirit of the patient's morale, and will be the focus during this phase as follows: balance, movement, techniques relieve the pressure, standing and walking depending on your assistant (depending This level of injury), cough and other functional motor activities.

Exercises the upper

Shoulder bend forward



Annex bend (elbow)

Annex D (elbow)

Exercise the lower limbs

Elongation of the thigh and leg muscles of the back

Elongation of the inner thigh muscles



Elongation of anterior thigh muscles



Exercises to maintain flexibility of the knee joint and hip



Exercises to maintain flexibility of the ankle joint



Functional range of motion exercises

Volatility in the bed on both sides



Transition from a lying down to sitting

The transition from bed to chair and vice-versa

Reducing the pressure while sitting on the chair



The types of disabilities, which coincide with a spinal cord injury vary according to the severity of injury, according to their level, the information described above in general for most cases of spinal cord injuries, but differ in the way of performance in terms of quality and quantity depending on the level of injury and the capacity of the patient is advised to consult a physiotherapist or rehabilitation of the details Ouma'lomat more.

Dislocation of the shoulder

Dislocation of the shoulder joint shoulder dislocation




Dislocation of the shoulder joint injuries are common in sport, but a few somewhat in football is more common in rugby

At the outset you must know some details about the anatomy of the shoulder joint

Shoulder joint

Detailed dynamically connects the head of the humerus (humerus) with the shoulder blade (scapula) Egav shell capsule surrounding the joint

There hamstring muscle driving the muscles and ligaments of the joint ligaments>



Socket

Interosseous is out for the articulation of any exit from Tmvsalh humerus with the scapula as a result of the severity of Foreign Affairs.

Symptoms of Shoulder dislocation





= severe pain in the shoulder

2 = loss of joint function

3 = heavy full arm toward the chest

4 = loss of spherical appearance of the joint and turns into a flat.



Diagnosis of clinical examination and taking X-rays and Mufras

Treatment

1 = immobilization

Stabilize the joint bond of compressor after the amendment to modify articulation sometimes under general anesthesia.

2-3 weeks

2 = Allalm relievers.

2 = rehablitation

Rehabilitation takes two weeks

Cases of swallowing tongue

Very important, especially athletes, [the case of swallowing the tongue] causes and how to Isaaffha

Proliferated in recent years in sports stadiums and the case of a dangerous phenomenon which is swallowing

Tongue by the player and there were many deaths due to this serious situation

Mostly be due to lack of knowledge and how to aid the injured in this career and I will give you in

This issue was discussed gathered from several locations, even shows you the symptoms and treatment of this case

It is very important to know all the athletes for this situation and how the patient by ambulance

I hope to be in all the clubs or sporting groups or fairy people who know

To deal with this situation

"Tongue"

Is a member in the mouth is composed of muscle fibers is responsible for moving the condyle and speech

When swallowing lead to bridging the slot soft palate and suffocation

"Swallowing the tongue"

Satisfactory condition and opposed the result of an imbalance in the nervous system have Wania and companion nervous convulsions and loss of consciousness and memory cache.

What is fact to swallow the tongue?

Hear people say: So people or player ... Swallowing his tongue

. This expression is wrong .. Why? . Because man is impossible to swallow his tongue ..

So it is wrong to introduce the hand to pull the tongue .. because the strong muscle of tongue .. and secondly because the saliva does not help

What happens if?

Shahu person loses consciousness, relaxes the whole body, including the jaw and the tongue and epiglottis. Vtsagt Hadpallsan in the course of the air .. And the way in the photos show it ..

Only raise the chin to the top with the tilt of the head, so as to change the slot and pulling the duct and change from round to oval

"The most common causes"

1 - strikes the head and brain concussion head injury

Lead to an imbalance in brain function and an increase in electrical stimulus to the brain, convulsions, neurological and swallowing of the tongue.

2 - a lack of blood circulation, such as atrial fibrillation atrium Alatjav

May lead to swallowing the tongue and muscle convulsions.

3 - drop in blood sugar hypoglycamia

4 - impaired concentration of some elements such as potassium and sodium within the body.

"First aid is the most important"

1 - the medic to be quiet.

2 - raising the head to the back and the pressure on the jaw with an attempt to push the front angle of the jaw and tongue, then will return to normal.

3 - the medic that is tilting the head back and make the chin at the top level and then followed by opening the mouth, move the lower jaw down and then pull out the tongue in a manner where the fingers are placed (Sbabpalibaham) behind him in the form of a hook and pull out ...

4 - in the event of difficulty of the return must insert a breathing tube endotracheal tube to help breathing until the problem is solved.

5 - Use a stick or tool to flip the tongue instead of using fingers is the safest way

The medic may patient may be applied to his mouth on the medic and cut his fingers.

Note

Would be preferable to put the patient in the intensive care unit icu

Because he may need to Rajat electric booster to the heart in the case of a failure in the circulatory system.

This image shows you how to aid the case of swallowing the tongue:

Stem cells key to the magic athletes

Stem cell banks provide rehabilitation tendons, ligaments, muscles and cartilage
New York: Bill Binington *
Huge jump in the treatment of professional and amateur athletes may become like science fiction, but it can change sports medicine. He stated some doctors and researchers that in the next few years will be possible to use stem cells from the primitive umbilical cord blood for children for the development of knee ligament or elbow, leading to the emergence of therapeutic means will be at the forefront of the reform of sports injuries.
A number of sports agents in the provision of advice to their clients regarding the storage of stem cells from their children or from tissue taken from their bodies as collateral against sports injuries that can end their careers early. Blood banks and promote the benefits of stem cell therapy using stem cells for treatment and rehabilitation of the practical tendons, ligaments, muscles and cartilage. Except that there is still some skeptics in the medical community who are asking when will be available such technology, but enthusiasts say that the time soon became.

Said Dr. Scott Rodeo, a specialist Orthopaedic Surgery and the world at a hospital in Manhattan for Special Surgery, «is not fanciful. Probably will not be in the next year, but three to five years is not unreasonable ».

Dr. Rodeo and March of those techniques in operations on the laboratory rat, which means that will be useful when the restructuring of the ligaments of the knee and rotating the shoulder muscle. A disease of the regular sports difficult for surgeons because the body usually does not handle himself or restore tissue after operations.

Said Dr. Rodeo «in each case, the stem cells have some benefits in contributing to the revitalization of tissue». According to some scientists that the time has now come for the Protection of sporting talent and even children.

Johnny, "said Dr. Hayward, Director, Center for stem cell research,« If you have a child is characterized by an extraordinary sports talent at the age of the fifth or sixth, you might want to get fat to freeze some young stem cells ». Dr Hayward said «that get a group of stem cells is a very valuable work. However, the practical use of these tools probably will not happen years ago. However, it is the future of sports medicine. Dr. Regis O'Keeffe, a researcher and spokesman for the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgery, said attempts to use the renewed cartilage in knees has so far «is not effective to a large degree». He pointed out that there are no studies being reviewed for many of the proposed remedies and limited experimentation on humans.

It was agreed that Dr. Freddie Vue, the leading orthopedic surgeon, University Medical Center in Pittsburgh «you answer the questions of safety and consideration of side effects. It will also be expensive. Again, this will not stop the athletes, they would be ready always to try anything that helps them to practice playing ».

And linked to the advancement of stem cell technology, some are acting now to prepare for the wealth of potential restoration. There are five of the professional soccer players who have stem cells frozen for their children at birth and stored in a Liverpool stem cell bank, according to a story published last year in the newspaper «The Sunday Times» London. And named one of the players stem cells «several potential repair of wounds», which threaten the possibility of the exercise play.

A stem cell treatments that do more than just renew the joints, so they can help build muscle in elite athletes and increase other physical capacity quickly and efficiently can not be achieved in the traditional manner.

Dr Hayward said that «there is a possibility to enhance performance in all of this», he said, adding that he met with officials who are trying to prepare for the new technology. He said «it may not be monitored because there is something abnormal, they are for your cells. I do not think he can convert a bad athlete into a superior athlete, but you can provide a factor that converts silver medal winner at the Olympic Games gold medal to the winner? The answer in my opinion, yes. He asked that «at the same time, can this type of engineering the body that perform the function under the stress of competition at that level? It is believed Arthur Caplan, director of the Center House ethics at the University of Pennsylvania, said professional athletes still image Almrfahin stem cell technology is emerging as the fountain of youth.

Reach me and Steinberg, the agent experienced in the field of sport, that sport's biggest stars in the country could follow with enthusiasm, all progress in the field of orthopedics. Steinberg says that athletes have been constantly at the forefront of new medical technology, whether it relates to growth hormones or surgery, bone, so that the living, he said, depends mainly on their physical health. If the drug testing process took place and proved that it helps any of the athletes to continue playing for another four years, it would be seen as a gift from heaven. Steinberg also said he expected to soon begin advising clients to develop stem cells in umbilical cord bank dedicated to her, which he did Steinberg on the birth of his children. If you become the use of stem cell technology is widespread in the area of ​​sport in the future, it will open the door to a potential production of these cells by athletes to enhance their ability to play the latest signing of a contract worth $ 40 million. Says Dr. J.. Lin s programs, which operates an agency specializing in sports management, said that such things give rise to temper. He commented that the sports world is known for his lack of control on the moral side. And are treated as confidential in the places that preserve the stem cells, where there are samples of these cells back to the best American athletes, which prohibits confidentiality agreements signed between the parties concerned revealed the names of these owners of these samples. Says Dr. Robert Hariri, founder and Executive Director for «Aevbank USA», said that his institution has taken samples of the persons known mathematical background. And range in price collection and storage of blood in the «to Aevbank USA» Cedar Knowles New Jersey, as the price of storing umbilical cord blood as well as the amount of $ 1900 to $ 125 each year. And concentrated the main uses umbilical cord blood so far in the treatment of leukemia and other illnesses life-threatening. Hariri says in this context that the focus so far focused on things more important than the restoration of joints of athletes, but noted that they were aware of the possibilities and the revolution coming in this area

Roughness of the knee

Roughness of the knee



Roughness knee disease caused by erosion of soft cartilage that covers the joint surface, which helps to smooth the movement. Where there is weakness in the coherence of this cartilage, which leads to cracking of the surface and then gradually eroded to the bone surface to become naked of cartilage, which is protected.

Roughness causes the knee:

    *
      Genetics: where many studies have shown the existence of genetic factors and help of a foul.
    *
      Overweight: and is one of the most important factors that lead to a roughness in Egypt and the Arab world, especially in women. Where that excess weight is a burden too heavily on the surface of the articular cartilage.
    *
      Curvature of the legs: it will lead to an increased load on specific parts of the joint.
    *
      Age: increasingly vulnerable cartilage with age and thus increase the proportion of roughness.
    *
      Patient sex: after the age of fifty-increasing incidence of rough in the ladies more than men.
    *
      Knee injuries: knee injuries such as fractures and the occurrence of cut ligaments or meniscus helps the occurrence of roughness.
    *
      Repeated stress of the knee: Like a lot of falling and climbing stairs and sitting for long periods in the development of Alagafrsae
    *
      Rheumatic diseases: such as rheumatoid arthritis and gout lead to roughness in the cases in arrears.

Treatment:
Treatment is divided into the knee to the roughness of the precautionary treatment (non surgical) and surgical treatment.


Conservative treatment (non-surgical):
And be used as a treatment given to him, especially in the early cases of the disease. Conservative treatment includes the following:

Changes in the way of life and reducing the loads on the knee joint and that by following the general guidelines for patients with knee stiffness.

Localized injections into the joint and are of two types:

1) The first type of materials to assist the lubrication of the cartilage surface but these injections expensive and not suitable only for cases of early and usually have their effect for a period of several months.

2) The second type is the cortisone is an anti-inflammatory to help reduce pain, but for a temporary period and is not recommended except in very few cases should not be given more than four injections into the joint per year.

Warm compresses and topical paint.

Medicine: it is helping to reduce the symptoms of disease by the patient's condition and may include:

Prescription pain medicine and anti-inflammatory such as aspirin and paracetamol to reduce pain and swelling

Materials and Alkondroitin glucosamine sulfate and is the material that might be useful in the early cases in reducing pain and swelling. And usually needs treatment in this material for months to give good results.


Surgical treatment:

And are turning to Him if conservative treatment fails to overcome the symptoms of roughness and, particularly in cases in arrears. And surgical treatment may include one of the following methods:

Endoscopic surgery to clean the joint and treatment of torn meniscus and cartilage grafts damaged

Surgery straightening curvature of the legs

Prosthetic surgery
Guidelines for patients

Endoscopic surgery to clean the joint and treatment of torn meniscus and cartilage grafts damaged

Surgery straightening curvature of the legs

Prosthetic surgery




Guidelines for patients with roughness:
Weight loss is one of the most important factors that lead to the reduction of loads on the knee joint

Avoid standing for long periods and a lot of the rise and descent of stairs because that would lead to increased pressure on the knee joint which increases the roughness of the knee and pain.

Avoid bending the knee joint more than ninety degrees either fold under the chair you sit him or sit on a low chair.
Avoid the use of the bike fixed or mobile, leading to increased friction between the surfaces of the joint
Walking regularly lead to the improvement of the situation and tissues of the knee cartilage and strengthen muscles, but must be done without the stress of the knee joint and in other times of extreme pain and on a flat surface such as soft ground track stadium club


When you climb the ladder based on your hand is always on the wall of peace and go up gradually and go up the first leg of sound and vice versa when you get down
(Get off the affected leg first).

First aid for head injuries and neck

    First aid for head injuries and neck

Symptoms of head injuries
Symptoms of severe head injuries in general
These symptoms appear when the athlete, who is suffering from head injuries when it is in consciousness
Feel dizzy with ringing in the ear
Headache, nausea
Vision blurred and unclear
It is possible that more severe symptoms such as
Memory loss
Stutter speech and language
Seizures
Irregular breathing
And also the possible occurrence of other symptoms including
Bleeding in the area of ​​the injury or deformity senior
Bleeding or wound in the area of ​​the injury
Unequal Hdguety the eye with a response that is not to blame the light
Confusion and irregularity
Cramps
Do not move the eye towards the body moving and be one eye at a lower level than the other
The following symptoms appear when the patient is unconscious
Irregular breathing with shortness of breath
Continuous bleeding from the nose, mouth and ears
Irregular heartbeat
Unequal Hdguety eye and no response to light
The causes and complications of head injuries
Caused by a blow on the head missionary
Falling on the head
Of a violent shake of the head because of external influencesFirst aid for head injuries
Not to remove condoms before the control of infection
Do not subject the patient to sniff any Rihp strong works on the head concussion
Mathematical dimensions of the place of injury
A ventilator
Alajroat are under medical supervision
However, if the victim is unconscious, it is up treatment as follows
Immediate medical supervision
Install the head and neck patient
A ventilator
Address the place of injury and to control the bleeding
Orthopedic injuries, fractures or unstable

Asabpalthab Kaabi sinus cavity back of the foot

Asabpalthab Kaabi sinus cavity back of the foot

Inflammation of the sinus cavity occurs as a result of injury to the bag cavity Mmaiwdi exit
Synovial fluid out of the bag the most important cases of synovial inflammation of the sinus cavity in
Football is wounded bag cavity behind the heel at the bottom of the foot and very few contract the
Ackhels tendon and heel and frequent injury in women that wear the shoes
High heels for long periods, as occurs in athletes who use Shoes
Inappropriate Mmaysbb friction behind the foot, as well as anatomical abnormalities




Symptoms:
- Symptoms are gradual and last from two to three months before the show
- Pain and swelling over the area of ​​link Ackhels bone tendon and heel pain when you press Ivdad
The bag cavity
- The more it grew the tumor Azdad external pressure on the joint











Reasons
- Pressure on the cavity back of the shoe
- Participation in sports Almnazlat that are accompanied by the gravity of some internal factors
Which include abnormal shape of the heel bone and the foot flat and bend Higher
These reasons lead to friction behind soccer shoes
And external factors: These include wearing high heels - shoes inappropriate and that cause
Pressure on the area behind the heel
The complications of this injury, it needs surgical intervention at the development where the
Surgeon and the disposal of the bag also Amadaavtha sudden pain tendon rupture Ackhels







First Aid:
- Rest for 48-72 hours
- Develop Kmadat cold (ice) on the area of ​​the injury 20 minutes and repeat several times to control
The swelling
- Use compression bandage to absorb the pressure outside the bubble
- The use of special footwear for foot orthotics in the case of a Flat Foot
- Wear shoes bigger than size of the foot with a little heel to make the soft always
- After 4-6 weeks can go back to running and sports activity light either refer
Competitions setting calls for a 4-12 week
- Taking drugs to relieve pain and inflammation by a doctor
- If the Fiqat very thick wall and can work toward the removal surgery
- After surgery demonstrate foot for 5 days and then the primitive motor rehabilitative exercises
If the installation can be dealt with injury perform exercises that do not affect the bubble, for example
Swimming
- After the surgery can be performed exercises after 6 weeks of Alnthbyt and after 3 weeks of lead
Rehabilitation exercises in three levels and will take the stage of healing to get rid of
Bubbles 6-4 weeks








Rehabilitation goals:
- The restoration of sound
- Restore the power of muscles and ligaments of the foot
- Restore missing-dimensional kinetic









Exercise rehabilitation:
- You must exercise to avoid the pain disappears
- Exercises to move a foot in the range allowed by the foot
- Therapeutic exercises in swimming pools
- Strength and resistance exercises and flexibility gradient
- Exercises using panels slash
- Exercises competition (speed straight
Zdzajip speed - running back)
- With the use of protective and supportive ligaments of the joint
- Permeates this stage and use all means
Useful natural rays of red - Turasund -
Tennis - Short Wave - Laser - electrostimulation ........
- Flexibility exercises and strength gradient
- Strength and flexibility exercises focused to return to the practice of sports